Arturo Toscanini

The celebrated Italian conductor, Arturo Toscanini, was born in Parma on 25 March 1867. His charismatic career was unstoppable despite his stand against Fascism and refusal to appear in countries under its sway. His later years with the NBC Symphony in New York - partly from his reputation as a strict orchestral disciplinarian - were outstanding. He died at Riverdale, New York on 16 January 1957.